Sustainability, Performance and Mix Design of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete
نویسنده
چکیده
Conventional concrete technology generates significant amounts of CO2, NOx and SOx (greenhouse gases linked with global warming) through the combustion of fossil fuels to process and transport concrete components as well as the calcination of limestone required to create portland cement. Furthermore, the mining and processing of conventional concrete components damages ecosystems and exhausts natural resources. Since concrete is widely used throughout the world, concrete production places a serious strain on the natural environment, and consequently sustainable concrete, or “green concrete”, with lower environmental impacts than conventional concrete should be used in common practice. After defining sustainability and describing rubrics for measuring sustainability, the environmental impact of conventional concrete technology is discussed. As the production of portland cement has the highest environmental impact of any single process in the manufacturing of concrete, this paper reviews the sustainability, performance and mix design of concrete that replaces cement with high volumes of fly ash (over 50 percent replacement by weight). Barriers to the use of high volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete and the need for more research into this type of concrete are discussed.
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